DSpace Collection: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (CNPSO)

Pragas e doenças da soja.

Mon, 28 Jan 2013 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Pragas e doenças da soja.

Authors: BUENO, A. de F.; SOARES, R. M.

The genetics of symbiotic nitrogen fixation: comparative genomics of 14 Rhizobia Strains by resolution of protein clusters.

Sun, 13 Jan 2013 22:58:59 GMT

Title: The genetics of symbiotic nitrogen fixation: comparative genomics of 14 Rhizobia Strains by resolution of protein clusters.

Authors: BLACK, M.; MOOLHUIJZEN, P.; CHAPMAN, B.; BARRERO, R.; HOWIESON, J.; HUNGRIA, M.; BELLGARD, M.

Description: The symbiotic relationship between legumes and nitrogen fixing bacteria is critical for agriculture, as it may have profound impacts on lowering costs for farmers, on land sustainability, on soil quality, and on mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. However, despite the importance of the symbioses to the global nitrogen cycling balance, very few rhizobial genomes have been sequenced so far, although there are some ongoing efforts in sequencing elite strains. In this study, the genomes of fourteen selected strains of the order Rhizobiales, all previously fully sequenced and annotated, were compared to assess differences between the strains and to investigate the feasibility of defining a core ?symbiome??the essential genes required by all rhizobia for nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Comparison of these whole genomes has revealed valuable information, such as several events of lateral gene transfer, particularly in the symbiotic plasmids and genomic islands that have contributed to a better understanding of the evolution of contrasting symbioses. Unique genes were also identified, as well as omissions of symbiotic genes that were expected to be found. Protein comparisons have also allowed the identification of a variety of similarities and differences in several groups of genes, including those involved in nodulation, nitrogen fixation, production of exopolysaccharides, Type I to Type VI secretion systems, among others, and identifying some key genes that could be related to host specificity and/or a better saprophytic ability. However, while several significant differences in the type and number of proteins were observed, the evidence presented suggests no simple core symbiome exists. A more abstract systems biology concept of nitrogen fixing symbiosis may be required. The results have also highlighted that comparative genomics represents a valuable tool for capturing specificities and generalities of each genome.

Efeito residual da adubação fosfatada e torta de filtro na brotação de soqueiras de cana-de-açúcar.

Thu, 20 Dec 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Efeito residual da adubação fosfatada e torta de filtro na brotação de soqueiras de cana-de-açúcar.

Authors: SANTOS, D. H.; TIRITAN, C. S.; FOLONI, J. S. S.

Description: RESUMO: O fósforo é considerado um elemento essencial para as plantas e se encontra em baixa quantidade nos solos brasileiros. Na cana-de-açúcar, assume grande importância no enraizamento e no perfilhamento e, portanto, na produtividade final. São restritas as informações sobre o efeito residual da adubação fosfatada para a cana soca. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a rebrota da cana-de-açúcar em função da adubação com torta de filtro enriquecida com fontes solúveis de fósforo, realizada no plantio. O experimento foi realizado a campo em Presidente Prudente-SP com a variedade RB867515. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos completos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 5 x 4, sendo o primeiro fator os níveis de torta de filtro (0; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 ton.ha-1) e o segundo os níveis de fósforo (0, 50, 100, 200 kg.ha-1 de P2O5), com 4 repetições. O número de perfilhos por metro linear foi avaliado aos 60 dias após a rebrota. As doses de fósforo associada à torta de filtro, aplicadas no plantio da cana-de-açúcar, favorecem a brotação da primeira soqueira. Doses de 4,0 ton.ha-1 de torta de filtro, aplicadas com o fósforo mineral, elevam a brotação das soqueiras, assim como as doses de P2O5, a partir de 50 Kg.ha-1. ABSTRACT: Residual Effect of the Phosphate fertilization and filter cake on the sugarcane ratoon breaking. The phosphorus is considered an essential element for the plants and is in low amount in the Brazilian soils. In the sugarcane, assumes great importance in the rooting and tiller, increasing the productivity. They are restricted the information on the residual effect of the phosphorus manuring for the sugarcane it beats. This work had for objective to evaluate the coppicing of the sugarcane in function of the manuring with filter cake enriched with soluble phosphate. The experiment, carried through in Presidente Prudente-SP, used a randomized complete block design, in the factorial outline 5 x 4, where the first factor consisted of doses of filter cake (0; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0 and 4,0 ton ha-1) and the second, doses of phosphorus fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 200 Kg ha-1 of P2O5), with 4 repetitions. The tiller number for lineal meter was evaluated to the 60 days after the coppicing. The phosphorus doses associated to the filter cake, applied in the planting of the sugarcane, they favor the coppice of the first ratoon. Doses of 4,0 ton ha-1 of filter cake, applied with the phosphorus mineral, they elevate the ratoons coppice, as well as the doses of P2O5, starting from 50 Kg ha-1.

Percevejos e ácaros na cultura da soja.

Thu, 20 Dec 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Percevejos e ácaros na cultura da soja.

Authors: BUENO, A. de F.

Description: Principais desafios para o manejo de percevejos que atacam vagens da soja. Manejo para ácaros na soja. Agroquímicos: piretroides e neonicotinoides.